{"id":3789,"date":"2026-03-28T12:38:34","date_gmt":"2026-03-28T07:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/?page_id=3789"},"modified":"2026-03-30T10:33:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T05:03:58","slug":"25-basic-linux-commands","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/25-basic-linux-commands\/","title":{"rendered":"25 Basic Linux Commands"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3789\" class=\"elementor elementor-3789\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a03969 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a03969\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3644e2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"3644e2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n    \/* --- Brand Styling --- *\/\r\n    :root {\r\n        --brand-purple: #9C00E4;\r\n        --brand-light: #f3e8ff;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* Reset & Base *\/\r\n    .python-full-layout * { box-sizing: border-box; }\r\n\r\n    \/* Layout Adjustments *\/\r\n    .python-full-layout { \r\n        display: flex; \r\n        gap: 30px; \r\n        padding: 20px; \r\n        max-width: 1200px; \r\n        margin: 0 auto;\r\n        background: #fdfbff; \r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .sidebar { \r\n        width: 280px; \r\n        position: sticky; \r\n        top: 20px; \r\n        height: fit-content; \r\n        flex-shrink: 0;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .sidebar .topic { \r\n        display: block; \r\n        padding: 12px; \r\n        text-decoration: none; \r\n        color: #444; \r\n        border-radius: 8px; \r\n        margin-bottom: 8px; \r\n        background: #fff;\r\n        border: 1px solid #eee;\r\n        transition: 0.3s;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .sidebar .topic.active { \r\n        background: var(--brand-purple); \r\n        color: white; \r\n        border-color: var(--brand-purple);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* Main Content *\/\r\n    .main-content { \r\n        flex: 1; \r\n        font-family: 'Segoe UI', sans-serif; \r\n        min-width: 0; \r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .article-card { \r\n        background: white; \r\n        padding: 30px; \r\n        border-radius: 15px; \r\n        box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); \r\n    }\r\n\r\n    h1 { color: var(--brand-purple); font-size: 2.2rem; margin-bottom: 20px; }\r\n    h2 { color: #333; margin-top: 30px; border-left: 4px solid var(--brand-purple); padding-left: 15px; }\r\n    \r\n    .custom-img { \r\n        display: block; \r\n        margin: 30px auto; \r\n        width: 100%; \r\n        max-width: 600px; \r\n        border: 2px solid #e9d5ff; \r\n        border-radius: 10px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    code {\r\n        background: #f4f4f4;\r\n        padding: 2px 6px;\r\n        border-radius: 4px;\r\n        color: #d63384;\r\n        font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    table { \r\n        width: 100%; \r\n        border-collapse: collapse; \r\n        margin: 20px 0; \r\n    }\r\n\r\n    table th, table td { \r\n        border: 1px solid #eee; \r\n        padding: 12px; \r\n        text-align: left; \r\n    }\r\n\r\n    table th { background: #f8f9fa; color: var(--brand-purple); }\r\n\r\n    \/* Responsive *\/\r\n    @media (max-width: 991px) {\r\n        .python-full-layout { flex-direction: column; }\r\n        .sidebar { width: 100%; position: relative; top: 0; }\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"python-full-layout\">\r\n    <aside class=\"sidebar\">\r\n        <h2 style=\"font-size: 1.2rem; color: var(--brand-purple); margin-bottom: 15px;\">Linux Mastery<\/h2>\r\n        <a href=\"#intro\" class=\"topic active\">Introduction<\/a>\r\n        <a href=\"#navigation\" class=\"topic\">1. Navigation<\/a>\r\n        <a href=\"#files\" class=\"topic\">2. File Operations<\/a>\r\n        <a href=\"#system\" class=\"topic\">3. System Info<\/a>\r\n        <a href=\"#permissions\" class=\"topic\">4. Permissions<\/a>\r\n        <a href=\"#mcq\" class=\"topic\">Practice MCQs<\/a>\r\n    <\/aside>\r\n\r\n    <main class=\"main-content\">\r\n        <article class=\"article-card\">\r\n            \r\n            <header id=\"intro\">\r\n                <h1>25 Basic Linux Commands<\/h1>\r\n                <p>Linux is a command-line-driven operating system. To be a developer or cloud engineer, you need to be comfortable with the <strong>Terminal<\/strong>. Here are the 25 most essential commands to get you started.<\/p>\r\n            <\/header>\r\n\r\n          \r\n\r\n            <section id=\"navigation\">\r\n                <h2>1. Navigation Commands<\/h2>\r\n                <table>\r\n                    <thead>\r\n                        <tr><th>Command<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/thead>\r\n                    <tbody>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>pwd<\/code><\/td><td>Print Working Directory (Shows where you are)<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>cd<\/code><\/td><td>Change Directory (Navigate to a folder)<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>ls<\/code><\/td><td>List files and directories<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>cd ..<\/code><\/td><td>Go one level up (Back to parent folder)<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>clear<\/code><\/td><td>Clear the terminal screen<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/tbody>\r\n                <\/table>\r\n            <\/section>\r\n\r\n            <section id=\"files\">\r\n                <h2>2. File & Directory Operations<\/h2>\r\n                <table>\r\n                    <thead>\r\n                        <tr><th>Command<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/thead>\r\n                    <tbody>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>mkdir<\/code><\/td><td>Make Directory (Create a new folder)<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>touch<\/code><\/td><td>Create a new empty file<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>cp<\/code><\/td><td>Copy files or directories<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>mv<\/code><\/td><td>Move or Rename files\/directories<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>rm<\/code><\/td><td>Remove\/Delete a file<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>rm -r<\/code><\/td><td>Remove a directory and its contents<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>cat<\/code><\/td><td>Display file content on screen<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>nano<\/code> \/ <code>vi<\/code><\/td><td>Terminal-based text editors<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>grep<\/code><\/td><td>Search for a specific string in a file<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>head<\/code><\/td><td>Show the first 10 lines of a file<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>tail<\/code><\/td><td>Show the last 10 lines of a file<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/tbody>\r\n                <\/table>\r\n            <\/section>\r\n\r\n            <section id=\"system\">\r\n                <h2>3. System & Network Info<\/h2>\r\n                <table>\r\n                    <thead>\r\n                        <tr><th>Command<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/thead>\r\n                    <tbody>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>sudo<\/code><\/td><td>Execute command with root privileges<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>top<\/code><\/td><td>Display active system processes<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>df -h<\/code><\/td><td>Show disk space usage<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>free -m<\/code><\/td><td>Show memory (RAM) usage<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>uname -a<\/code><\/td><td>Display system information<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>history<\/code><\/td><td>Show list of previously used commands<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>ip addr<\/code><\/td><td>Show IP address and network interfaces<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/tbody>\r\n                <\/table>\r\n            <\/section>\r\n\r\n            <section id=\"permissions\">\r\n                <h2>4. Permissions & Ownership<\/h2>\r\n                <table>\r\n                    <thead>\r\n                        <tr><th>Command<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/thead>\r\n                    <tbody>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>chmod<\/code><\/td><td>Change file permissions (e.g., 777)<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                        <tr><td><code>chown<\/code><\/td><td>Change file owner or group<\/td><\/tr>\r\n                    <\/tbody>\r\n                <\/table>\r\n            <\/section>\r\n\r\n            <section id=\"mcq\" class=\"practice-mcqs\">\r\n                <h2>Knowledge Check<\/h2>\r\n                <div class=\"mcq-box\" style=\"background: #f9f4ff; padding: 20px; border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid #e9d5ff;\">\r\n                    <p><strong>1. Which command shows you the path of the current directory?<\/strong><br>\r\n                    A) <code>ls<\/code> | B) <strong><code>pwd<\/code><\/strong> | C) <code>cd<\/code><\/p>\r\n                    \r\n                    <p><strong>2. How do you create a new folder named \"Projects\"?<\/strong><br>\r\n                    A) <code>touch Projects<\/code> | B) <strong><code>mkdir Projects<\/code><\/strong> | C) <code>mv Projects<\/code><\/p>\r\n\r\n                    <p><strong>3. Which command is used to delete a non-empty directory?<\/strong><br>\r\n                    A) <code>rm<\/code> | B) <code>cat<\/code> | C) <strong><code>rm -r<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/section>\r\n\r\n            <div style=\"text-align: center; margin-top: 40px;\">\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/courses\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"background: var(--brand-purple); color: white; padding: 12px 25px; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 8px; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;\">\r\n                    \ud83d\ude80 Master the Linux Terminal!\r\n                <\/a>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/article>\r\n    <\/main>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\nwindow.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {\r\n    const sections = document.querySelectorAll('header[id], section[id]');\r\n    const navLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.sidebar .topic');\r\n\r\n    const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {\r\n        entries.forEach(entry => {\r\n            if (entry.isIntersecting) {\r\n                navLinks.forEach(link => {\r\n                    link.classList.remove('active');\r\n                    if (link.getAttribute('href') === `#${entry.target.id}`) {\r\n                        link.classList.add('active');\r\n                    }\r\n                });\r\n            }\r\n        });\r\n    }, { threshold: 0.5 });\r\n    sections.forEach(section => observer.observe(section));\r\n});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux Mastery Introduction 1. Navigation 2. File Operations 3. System Info 4. Permissions Practice MCQs 25 Basic Linux Commands Linux is a command-line-driven operating system. To be a developer or cloud engineer, you need to be comfortable with the Terminal. Here are the 25 most essential commands to get you started. 1. Navigation Commands Command [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3789","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3789"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4722,"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3789\/revisions\/4722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/codematrix.co.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}